| 1.E/e mark: E/e Mark means European Community Market which regulates that all automobiles, motorcycles and their components imported to EU member states shall comply with the EEC Directives and ECE Regulations. A product that marked with E/e Mark indicates that it complies with all the relevant regulations of a specific European nation. This ensures that all the automotive products operated by users conform to basic safety and environmental standard. |
| 2.SAE (Society of Automotive Engineers): is a U.S.-based, professional organization for mobility engineering in the aerospace, automotive, and commercial vehicle industries, including the material and the manufacturing. The standards established by SAE are extensively adopted by the automotive industry and other industries |
| 3.DOT: DOT (US Department of Transportation) established in 1976, is in charge of establishing, practicing and managing the relevant regulations of transportation and vehicle safety, all vehicles and its relevant components shall all comply with the standards regulated by FMVSS (Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard), products which its test results fit the requirements can mark the DOT mark on it to maintain the control of vehicle safety and quality. |
| 4.CCC: China Compulsory Certification which also called 3C or CCC, CCC is the national standard in China, it is established by AQSIQ (General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of P.R.C.)and CNCA (Certification and Accreditation Administration of P.R.C.),it is established referring to the 《 Compulsory Product Certification Management Rules 》 regulated by General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China, which issued on 3.DEC. 2001, performed by CNCA, and brought into practice on 1.MAY. 2002. Meanwhile, the markings of China Commission for Conformity Certification of Electrical Equipment (also known as CCEE) and China Commodity Inspection Bureau (also known as CCIB) have been abolished. |
| 5.Halogen Lamp: A halogen lamp, also known as a tungsten halogen lamp or quartz iodine lamp, is an incandescent lamp that has a small amount of a halogen such as iodine or bromine added. The combination of the halogen gas and the tungsten filament produces a halogen cycle chemical reaction which redeposits evaporated tungsten back onto the filament, increasing its life and maintaining the clarity of the envelope. Because of this, a halogen lamp can be operated at a higher temperature than a standard gas-filled lamp of similar power and operating life, producing light of a higher luminous efficacy and color temperature. The small size of halogen lamps permits their use in compact optical systems for projectors and illumination. |
| 6.Xenon Lamp: A xenon lamp is a specialized type of gas discharge lamp, an electric light that produces light by passing electricity through ionized xenon gas at high pressure. It produces a bright white light that closely mimics natural sunlight. 1991 "xenon headlamps" were introduced for vehicles. These are actually metal-halide lamps; the xenon gas is used only to provide some light immediately upon lamp startup, as required for safety in an automotive headlamp application. |
| 7.LED lamp: An LED lamp (or LED light bulb) is a solid-state lamp that uses light-emitting diodes (LEDs) as the source of light. LED lamps offer long service life and high energy efficiency, but initial costs are higher than those of fluorescent and incandescent lamps. Chemical decomposition of LED chips reduces luminous flux over life cycle as with conventional lamps. LED lamps can be made interchangeable with other types of lamps. Assemblies of high power light-emitting diodes can be used to replace incandescent or fluorescent lamps. Some LED lamps are made with bases directly interchangeable with those of incandescent bulbs. Since the luminous efficacy (amount of visible light produced per unit of electrical power input) varies widely between LED and incandescent lamps, lamps are usefully marked with their lumen output to allow comparison with other types of lamps. LED lamps are sometimes marked to show the watt rating of an incandescent lamp with approximately the same lumen output, for consumer reference in purchasing a lamp that will provide a similar level of illumination. |
| 8.Daytime running light: A daytime running lamp (DRL, also daylight running lamp or daytime running light) is an automotive lighting device on the front of a road going motor vehicle, installed in pairs, automatically switched on when the vehicle is moving forward, emitting white, yellow, or amber light to increase the conspicuity of the vehicle during daylight conditions. |
9.Battle of the Headlights: Halogen vs. Xenon vs. LED
| |
Halogen |
Xenon |
LED |
Advantage
|
-Longer life
-Different dimensions
-Very efficient
-Bright illumination
|
-Longer lifetime than halogen lights
-More efficient than halogen as they use less power
-Better visibility to the driver
-Too much glare and thus, potential problems for the incoming traffic
|
-Small size, allow great manipulation for various shapes
-Very low energy consumption
|
| Disadvantage |
-Energy wasting
-Require extra care |
-Very high costs
-Possible harmful materials could be used |
-High production costs
-Low amount of generated power
-High temperature created around adjacent assemblies |
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| ADD / 11F.-8, No.6, Ln. 256, Sec. 2, Xitun Rd., Xitun Dist., Taichung City 407, Taiwan (R.O.C.) TEL / +886-4-27070275 FAX / +886-4-27070278 |
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